Biarritz

Biarritz, situated on the Atlantic coast in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, is a town that seamlessly blends elegance with a laid-back surf culture. Historically, it was a small fishing and whaling village until the early 19th century when it gained popularity among European royalty, particularly Empress Eugénie, wife of Napoleon III. This royal patronage led to the construction of grand hotels and villas in the Belle Époque style, many of which still stand today. The town became a fashionable destination for the European aristocracy, establishing its reputation as a sophisticated seaside resort. This heritage is visible in the architecture, including the Hôtel du Palais, a former imperial palace now housing a luxury hotel, and the numerous villas lining the streets, among them the Château Javalquinto. In 1956 the American screenwriter Peter Viertel brought a surfboard here during a film shoot, and Biarritz became the cradle of European surfing.

The main attractions in Biarritz revolve around its coastal setting and cultural landmarks. The Rocher de la Vierge, a rocky promontory connected to the mainland by a footbridge, offers views of the Atlantic Ocean and is a popular spot for walking, and the waves crash here in winter storms. The Phare de Biarritz, a historic lighthouse located on the nearby Cap Saint-Martin, provides views of the coastline from its summit. The town is famous for its beaches, including the Grande Plage, a wide sandy beach with a wooden promenade, the Plage du Miramar, a quieter beach and the Côte des Basques, a more rugged beach favored by surfers. The Port-Vieux, an old fishing port, adds a charming maritime atmosphere with its colorful boats and seafood restaurants. The Casino Barrière de Biarritz, an iconic Art Deco building, is a cultural and social hub, hosting events and offering gaming facilities. The Église Saint-Esprit, the Parc Municipal and the Orthodox church add variety to a walk through town.

Biarritz is also a center for Basque culture and cuisine. Visitors can explore the local markets, such as the Marché Central, to sample Basque specialties like pintxos, txakoli wine and Ossau-Iraty cheese. The town hosts various festivals throughout the year, including the Fête de la Saint-Jean in June, which celebrates the summer solstice with bonfires and traditional music. The Aquarium de Biarritz, a museum of the sea in an Art Deco building near the port, offers insights into marine life and the local ecosystem. For those interested in history, the main Basque museum, the Musée Basque et de l'Histoire de Bayonne, is in neighbouring Bayonne.

Activities in Biarritz range from water sports to relaxation. The town is a mecca for surfers, with numerous schools offering lessons for all levels. Other water activities include paddleboarding and kayaking. For those seeking relaxation, the town offers several thalassotherapy centers, utilizing the mineral-rich seawater for health and wellness treatments. The surrounding countryside provides opportunities for hiking and cycling, with trails leading to nearby towns like Hendaye and Saint-Jean-de-Luz. The Basque Country is known for its scenic landscapes, including the Pyrenees mountains and green valleys.

Getting to Biarritz is convenient via train, with TGV services connecting it to Paris, Bordeaux and other major cities, though the station, called Biarritz-La Négresse, is a few kilometres from the center and a bus links it. By air, the Biarritz-Pays Basque airport is close to town. For those traveling by car, Biarritz is connected by the A63 motorway. The best time to visit is from May to June and September to October, when the weather is mild and pleasant, ideal for outdoor activities and exploring the town. July and August are the warmest months, with average highs around 25°C, but also the busiest. Spring and autumn offer milder weather and fewer crowds, making them suitable for sightseeing and surfing. Winter is cooler and wetter, but offers a serene atmosphere and excellent surf conditions for experienced riders.